Read rfid using phpроботи

Необхідно розробити веб-застосунок та описати його роботу. Опис має бути в форматі одного розділу бакалаврської дипломної роботи. Більш детальний опис наведений в закріплених файлах.

Для нашого онлайн магазину шукаємо PHP розробника фрілансера Маємо два цікаві проекти. Завдання: Шукамо фрілансера для розвитку наших веб-магазинів електронної комерції за допомогою найсучасніших веб-технологій для різних пристроїв (мобільних, планшетів) Профіль: • Хороші знання з програмного забезпечення (об'єктно-орієнтований дизайн, шаблони проектування, тестування) • самостійна робота та вирішення проблем • високий рівень мотивації • Досвід роботи з PHP, Symfony, Laravel або Zend, є перевагою • Вільне володіння німецькою чи англійською мовами • Дуже хороші знання PHP, MySQL та JavaScript • Добре знання HTML (5) та CSS (3)

Потрібно поступово (по частинах) переписати застарівший самописний PHP інтернет-магазин з асортиментом декілька тисяч товарів на фреймворк Django, розширюючи його теперішній функціонал. Обов'язково: - попередній досвід веб-розробки на Django; - досвід створення RESTful API; - розуміння PHP. Бажано: - досвід на подібних проектах в ролі Senior; - досвід роботи з Flask; - досвід роботи з Vue.js; - досвід роботи з PostgreSQL.

needs to be finalized - add btc, payeer, perfect money, yandex money, visa / mastercard, pay pal payment methods. And also to add the calculator of interest calculation concerning the purchased investment packages by the client (so that the client can see the purchased package and accruing on it depending on the elapsed time and for the current period after payment in his own office). Change the site's payment currency to dollars, euros, rubles, pounds. The project budget is 50 Euros, but we can discuss.

Рекламна агенція Афіша Прикарпаття шукає PHP-програміста для виправлення технічних помилок на сайті ap.if.ua. Сайт написано за допомогою фреймворку Laravel, попередній програміст пояснить всі технічні деталі. Приблизна вартість всіх виправлень на сайті - 10000 грн. Можливо будуть добавлятись нові пункти, за додаткову оплату. Якщо працювати 5 днів в тиждень то все можна закінчити приблизно за пару тижнів, залежить від ваших навичок. Нам потрібна тільки людина з Івано-Франківська(та області) для того, щоб ми могли зустрічатись в офісі Афіша Прикарпаття, також при необхідності можливе виділення робочого місця.

Доброго дня. Я партнер міжнародної IT-компанії, яка займається розробкою додатків та сайтів (від звичайних лендінгів до повноцінних адмін-сторінок) для американського ринку. Ми шукаємо працьовитих і готових до навантаження PHP девелоперів. У команді мало людей, тож усі мають достатньо роботи і справді дружні між собою. Майже усі наші працівники з України, тож проблем з комунікацією немає. Більшість контактів будуть здійснюватись через менеджерів компанії та мене, тож безпосередній контакт з клієнтами англійською буде відсутній. Однак володіння англійською хоча б на простому розмовному рівні потрібне, оскільки мій парнер по бізнесу - американець, і комунікація з ним у вас буде. Розпочати роботу ви зможете після кількох етапів відбору (тест на навики та коротка скайп-розмова) та р...

Я маю довгострокову роботу, яка пов'язана з нашим попереднім проектом 'Change Framework CMS from Shopify to Prestashop - PHP, HTML, CMS, SQL'

...posts. The topics might vary, however, my primary focus is on the technology niche with some health and wellness, and travel-related posts. Key Requirements: - I would like to utilize Chat GPT for creating these blog posts. Therefore, previous experience with automated content generation using AI tools is crucial. - All of the posts will need to be published on my WordPress blog. Hence, expertise in WordPress, publishing posts, and basic SEO are essential. The ideal candidate will have: - Proficiency in using AI tools like Chat GPT for content creation - Experience in writing for technology, health and wellness, and travel niches - Strong understanding of WordPress and posting blogs - Basic SEO knowledge to optimize the posts for search engines Please note, I'm l...

Calculator: The calculator should be written in PHP and be compatible with Bootstrap for customers (for our bootstrap website). It should fetch the current Kitco market values and cache them as needed, possibly using a crontab. The output price is always for Fine Gold, 999. The customer should be able to select karat numbers such as 8K (333), 9K (375), 14K (585), 18K (750), 21.5K, 22K, etc., to display the current market price according to the karat numbers. It should display as follows: Estimated Value: [current market value] Maximum Pawn Amount: 50% of the market value It's important that no other API is used, but rather prices are fetched from kitco.com. Additionally, at the beginning, customers should be able to select Gold, Silver, or Platinum. These prices mus...

I have a developer creating a membership site for me and I need a crypto payment solution. I want to accept 2 crypto tokens 1 will be at a cheaper rate than the other and will be a monthly payment but need a lifetime member option which will be at a higher rate. I just need something created where they can easily pay with crypto and after successful payment it will return to member area. Both tokens will be on bsc the first will be USDT and the second will be my projects token.

I'm in need of an experienced Appium Automation specialist to assist with setting up and configuring Appium for my native MACOS desktop application. This application has been developed using Flutter. I'm aiming for basic functionality testing to be automated. Ideal candidates should have a strong background in: - Appium Automation - MACOS applications - Flutter - Basic functionality testing Your role will be to: - Set up and configure Appium for the MACOS environment - Automate basic functionality testing - Ensure the setup is optimized for the application's Flutter code. Please note that the focus will be on functionality testing rather than comprehensive UI and functionality testing. The goal is to have a working and efficient automation setup for this MACOS ap...

I'm seeking a skilled developer to install Cloudflare on my PHP website. Key Requirements: - I'm currently using a CDN for my website but I want to switch to Cloudflare primarily to enhance the security of my website. - Prior experience in setting up Cloudflare for PHP websites is a must. - A strong understanding of website security and performance optimization will be advantageous. Looking for a freelancer who can quickly and efficiently integrate Cloudflare into my website while ensuring that all existing functionalities remain intact.

...programmatore PHP con esperienza in Learning Management Systems (LMS), in particolare Moodle, e conoscenza nell'integrazione di Moodle con Zucchetti. Requisiti chiave: - **Integrazione:** L'obiettivo principale di questo progetto è stabilire una perfetta integrazione tra Moodle e Zucchetti. Ciò comprende: - Sincronizzazione: garantire che i dati siano sincronizzati correttamente tra i due sistemi. Ciò comporta la sincronizzazione: - Registrazione Utente - Autenticazione utente - Iscrizione al corso - **Single Sign-On (SSO):** Facilitare un meccanismo di Single Sign-On tra Moodle e Zucchetti. Ciò implica rendere più semplice per gli utenti l’accesso a entrambe le piattaforme senza la necessità di accessi separati. Comp...

I am trying to provide as much description as possible, but feel free to contact me if you need more information. This is a simple project, it is nothing too complicated and I am not looking for a large company to do a large project. This is something that a profecient PHP developed should be able to do in a couple of hours. I'm in need of a a user-friendly interface for students in a school to have conversations with OpenAI through the school's OpenAI account and key (configurable through a file). Through this interface, students would log in with a given username, password plus a "Session ID" (they need a valid "SessionID" to log in. Once logged in, it should basically feel quite similar to ChatGPT where they can have a conversation with the AI. ...

Hello Everyone! I need to improve the design of my page created with Elementor. Currently need it it for desktop version. Please note: I am not looking to rebuild, redesign, install new themes, or anything similar. Please refrain from sending messages suggesting such changes. My website is generally fine as it is. I'm just looking to enhance the page design to make it more visually appealing by adding a bit of color, perhaps some colored lines or a subtle background,maybe by creating more colums or adding some banners or icons. These small changes should make the page look nicer and more professional without drastic alterations. I need someone with a good sense of style who can refine my page to look more professional. Please respond if you have experience in stylishly enhancing ...

My PHP + Twig + Javascript website is currently experiencing functionality issues. I am looking for a skilled developer to diagnose and address these issues promptly. Key Points: - The website is built on PHP, Twig and Javascript, so expertise in these languages is essential. - I need the professional to investigate and resolve the functionality problems I've detected. - The specific issues are not clearly defined, but it's related to how the website operates. - The developer should have experience with identifying and rectifying common PHP, Twig, and Javascript functionality errors. This project requires a proactive and experienced developer who can quickly understand the website's code and rectify the identified issues.

I'm searching for an experienced WordPress developer with a strong PHP background to help me enhance my website. the main functionality i'm looking for is getting Data thru API call and publishing on website. familiarity with various plugins and themes is desirable with experience in woocommerce. If you have a proven track record of working on similar projects and can deliver within a reasonable time frame, I'd love to hear from you. Your attention to detail and ability to meet deadlines will be highly valued.

We're looking for a skilled PHP developer to help us implement a feature that will allow digital signatures to be added to contracts and agreements. The ideal candidate will have: - Extensive experience with PHP - Pleasant knowledge in working with PDF file formats - A strong grasp on security in digital authentication methods The exact execution of the signing process is still being determined, so the developer should be open to adjustments and be able to offer their professional insight on this aspect. Your role will be crucial in making our agreements more accessible and verifiable, ensuring a smoother business operation.

I am looking for a skilled videographer to create impactf...branding and marketing principles. - Prior experience targeting content to customers in the business sector. Your role will be: • Assisting with scripting and pre-planning • Conceptualizing and capturing engaging content in line with our objectives. • Editing and finalizing the videos for distribution across various platforms. • Aligning the tone and style with our brand’s image. PLEASE READ THROUGH ATTACHED BRIEF FOR FURTHER DETAILS. Your success in this project will assist in effectively reaching our audience and boosting our brand's prominence. Please provide price estimate and details of your skill set, previous experience and equipment by email. if you have a project po...

...several calendars (of team member/experts) to one calendar booking form and the form will show availability for all the hours any of the linked expert calendars show available time. • Blog section - All type of Users can read, like, share on multiple social media platforms, and add comments on posts (only logged in user), - Admin: content creators can login to write and publish blogs in their desired design and format. Blog contents could be videos hosted on YouTube and other platforms • University data and pages - Admin: o can update university data in bulk using excel or other supported file formats o can update individual university data from university page (separate login for data entry operators, data is published online once validated by a proper ...

Hello! I am a skillful Video Editor & Content Creator. I have read your project brief and I can help you with this project. Please DM me to discuss more with respect to this project. Thanks, Tawshiqur!

We seek a professional, seasoned RFID SME to help design/build an embedded RFID reader for UHF 860-960 MHz frequency range. It must be software defined and provide active digital support for it and peripherals. The output power, frequency & all other parameters should be software adjustable & saving of last data. Default factory settings set option. Applicable ISO standards like EPC global UHF RFID Class 1 Gen2/ISO 18000-63/6C. Full LLRP support. USA FCC Part 15 compliance is needed. ERP, EIRP power output compliance to international standards is needed. This may be always-on at times for wide area monitoring of RFID tags precise locations, per requirements given here. Should support OTA updates, embedded web server(testing, configuring & diagnostic...

...Responsibilities: - Story Development: Generate detailed story outlines using provided prompts. - Writing: Develop outlines into engaging stories using the given ChatGPT prompts, with the expectation to refine and fine-tune these prompts for optimal results. - Illustration: Create one AI illustration for each story using DALL-E, based on given or self-developed prompts. - Image Editing: Refine illustrations in Canva Pro, focusing on correcting imperfections like extra fingers or blurry characters. - Formatting: Assemble text and illustrations in Google Docs, following a specific formatting style. - Preparation for Publishing: Convert documents to .docx, produce book descriptions and subtitles using ChatGPT, and prepare for publishing using Kindle Creat...

...website design concepts and digital marketing trends is a plus. Technical Requirement: • Fast Internet • American English Accent • Quality Microphone Ready to take your sales career to the next level? We are! How to Apply? (Do the Following to be considered, copy and paste the template below and use as your cover letter) 1. Record Your Voice: Read the following sales script with your voice: 2. Speed Test Goto: Change server to any Los Angeles, CA Server. Screenshot or link me to your test result. 3. Are you able to work in USA Time? (-8 PST) working 8am-4pm or 8am-5pm? 4. What is your Sales Experience and Website

I'm seeking an experienced PHP developer to update my application from PHP 7.3.3 to at least PHP 8. - The application currently has user registration and login features. - It also integrates with a database. The main reason for this update is to ensure compatibility with newer libraries, when updating even to 7.4 it does not load. The ideal developer for this project should have: - Proficiency in PHP, specifically in updating versions. - Familiarity with user registration, login systems, and database integration. - Experience in ensuring compatibility with third-party libraries and frameworks. - Ability to troubleshoot and problem-solve in case of any compatibility issues.

PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS AND ADHERE TO THE INFORMATION PROVIDED Logo Redesign Contest for On-Guard Sanitisation -We are seeking a redesign of our company's current logo to convey trustworthiness and corporate professionalism. -Entries must be presented in 2D format as it would appear on a letter head not as a sign, billboard etc Company Background: -On-Guard Sanitisation specializes in Bio-Hazard Decontamination. Requirements: -Company Name: On-Guard Sanitisation -New Slogan: Experts in Biohazard Remediation -Design Elements: The shield must be the Shield in IMAGE 3 with the biohazard logo in the shield behind the curved stripe filling the whole shield with the biohazard logo. -Font: Must be similar to that of IMAGE 5 -Color Scheme: Continue the current colo...

...enables individuals and businesses to easily and flexibly create and manage their online stores. The platform will be similar to Shopify and Salla, and will be built using the Laravel framework to ensure ease of use, flexibility, and security. We are seeking a skilled freelance developer to design and develop both the frontend user interface and the backend, including a comprehensive content and transaction management system. Main Tasks: Interface Design: Develop attractive and user-friendly interfaces, including the frontend and the administrative dashboard. and Development: Build core platform functionalities using Laravel, including product management, order processing, user management, and reporting. Integration: Integrate major payment gateways and ensure transac...

...experts for design/build of RFID UHF 860-960 MHz Active Digital always on antenna. It will support any RFID tags of the stated frequency range and the protocol. We have identified some possible technologies below but will rely on your expertise to pick one or combination of these or another suitable one from your experience. If you know of a pre-built solution that will be ideal. This antenna will be connected to our MCU via a comm port and be fully software defined. Our objective is to accomplish a 0.3 meters x,y,z 3D planer precision location of RFID UHF passive tags at about 25 meter cone at about 8 meters height from floor. Must be RFID UHF Frequency range (roughly 860-960 MHz, supporting US, Europe, Asia spectrums) Applicable ISO standards like EPCglo...

Gradeco has an intranet called GRADENET, and its created in php/mysql platform. Please look at uploaded file for the requirements. Feel free to ask questions.

IMPORTANT FOLLOW THE SHORT YOUTUBE TUTORIAL I'm looking for a skilled Unity developer to create a small terrain for me. It's essential that this terrain is made with a provided image as the heightmap. I can also provide a tutorial of what is needed to be done using the heightmap i will provide The terrain is small, I'm not looking for anything too complex at this stage. i provided a raw image in case this dont work you can make one from the png In terms of environmental features, I would like a plane as the water body as a separated object. Ideal skills and experience for the job include: - Proficient in Unity with a strong background in terrain design - Ability to work with provided images for heightmaps - Strong understanding of texturing and color creation for t...

...and regular users. Moderator/Admin User Features: - User Management: Ability to manage the users on the platform - Review Management: The capability to oversee and moderate game reviews - Dashboard: An intuitive, easy-to-use dashboard to help keep track of the website's activity and health Normal User Features: - Post Reviews: Simple, user-friendly functionality for posting reviews of games - Read Reviews: Easy access to other users' reviews of various games - User Profile: An individual profile for each user, where they can manage their reviews, profile information, and settings Game Review Content: Each game review should include: - The Game Title - A Detailed Description of the Game - A Rating Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficiency in web development, partic...

Russian Recording Project Note : We need Native Russian speakers for long term project. We have a project, that needs Native Russian speakers, we will give you the text, and you need to record 626 Short sentences. you just need to download our software, to read our text and record it, it's a very easy job. 1. You will need to record in a quiet place without loud background noise. and without echo. 2. Each person is $14 dollar for 626 sentences record. If you are interested please let me know sure.I will contact u. A Good Opportunity For New Freelancers For taking 5 Star Review after their completion of the project. Thanks :

...chosen a specific genre, a puzzle, adventure, or arcade game are all possible directions for this project. I remain open to your creative suggestions, but I want to stress that it should be very begginner and easy, something as simple as a monkey collecting random bananas spawning across the screen The game has to be: - Developed in C++, so strong skills in this language are necessary. - Created using Visual Studio. Therefore, familiarity with this software is a must. - MUST know about Game Engine basics!! This is less about being hyper focused on game creating and more about understanding the building of game engines. I already have the game engine part created, I'm just having issues being able to apply the working keys and uploading images to create a window that di...

...rlkey=4e8jwxnyzqivigqb56yylgay3&dl=0 3. Sample Hangtags Key Requirements: - The design should follow a rustic and outdoorsy theme, perfectly reflecting our product line. - The catalog must be laid out in a way that the products are showcased beautifully, and the information is easy to read and understand. - It should be visually engaging to captivate potential customers and generate sales. Ideal Skills: - Extensive experience in catalog design, especially for outdoor products. - Proficiency in creating designs that are suitable for both print and digital platforms. - Ability to effectively translate a rustic and outdoorsy theme into a visually appealing catalog. - Understanding

...chosen a specific genre, a puzzle, adventure, or arcade game are all possible directions for this project. I remain open to your creative suggestions, but I want to stress that it should be very begginner and easy, something as simple as a monkey collecting random bananas spawning across the screen The game has to be: - Developed in C++, so strong skills in this language are necessary. - Created using Visual Studio. Therefore, familiarity with this software is a must. - MUST know about Game Engine basics!! This is less about being hyper focused on game creating and more about understanding the building of game engines. I already have the game engine part created, I'm just having issues being able to apply the working keys and uploading images to create a window that di...

I am looking for an experienced PHP Laravel developer to work on a project. I have some specific tasks in mind, so your expertise in this area is crucial. If you are proficient in PHP Laravel, you may be the perfect fit for this job. Please submit your bid, and we can discuss further details.

I'm looking for a seasoned PHP developer to implement a chatbot across all website pages. The chatbot should be capable of: - Answering frequently asked questions - Providing product information To enact these functions, the chatbot should be based on Natural Language Processing (NLP) technology. Integration with the existing user database is crucial for user authentication purposes. The developer should also design an admin panel that includes a dashboard, notifications, users, chat, chatbot info, and profile editing. The panel should possess a feature for toggling between AI and live chat modes. Admin should receive notifications via the panel and email when live agent assistance is requested. Skills & Experience: - Advanced PHP development - Experience with NLP...

I have a WordPress website and need to Small Change WordPress website PHP to feed my estate agency listings from PropCtrl to my website.

I am in need of a PHP Laravel expert to address a couple of issues in my current project. - The main concern is a button in the frontend that's unresponsive when clicked. There is no error message or action, it simply doesn't function as intended. This requires a deep dive into the code to identify the cause and provide a solution. - Additionally, I've encountered some crashes that occur during specific actions within the application. These crashes are intermittent and do not happen randomly or during startup. Resolving these issues is crucial to ensure the stability and usability of the application. The ideal freelancer for this project should have: - Extensive experience with PHP Laravel and a strong understanding of backend and frontend development. - Pro...

We are using the VROOM Project front end for a route optimization tool. The code is open source You can demo it here - We have modified the front end to support uploading data in and XLS format instead of JSON. The data parsing is working but we are looking to improve the data validation to alert the user of specific problems with their data they are uploading. Input data: Sheet 1: Work Order Tab Name, Address 1, City, State, Zip, Technician Sheet 2:Technicians Tab Name, Starting Address, Starting City, Starting State, Starting Zip, Ending Address, Ending City, Ending State, Ending Zip Some of these fields can be blank. Useful validation for the user will be required. See this documentation regarding the json

- Person detection using yolov7tiny or yolov8tiny, but only detecting one person - Only measuring the x,y,z position of one person. Initially, the person first detects, so when another person moves into the video it should only still measure the first person. - But with a click function, it should be possible to change to a person which we want to measure the x,y,z position and output these values exactly like in the video. - Fully support implementing it on the Client's Jetson nano - It should run smoothly like in the video. So no lags or delays - If it doesn't work smoothly on Jetson Nano then we'll help the client implement it in Windows Reference video Remarks of the client: "When starting the program, it should detect and only measure the first

Unity XR FINiSHED GAME just convert to Vision PRO i have already finished my car need to convert for vision pro using unity 2022.3 picture attached, just need the conversion for vision pro , i dont need you to make the game, the game already finish and working, i will give you all stuff, just need the conversion for vision pro. Starting project in $125 usd ...... need a lot of comunication a nd serious person.

...professional PHP developer who can build a custom website for me, and integrate it with one APIs. - the API is already in use in other websites so you will be able to see what it should do and the result of the build I need at this point. - For your reference, this is one of the websites the API is being used: . The result of this job is to create a similar website as the one in the link above. We have already developed a basic frontend page with the form (input boxes and selectables) to collect the data that will be submitted to the API (json). Next step is store this data locally and submit it to the API. Final design we will take care later. Ideal skills and experience for this project include: - Proficiency in PHP, with a

I'm looking for a website designed in PHP that will facilitate a support exchange system. I need the website to cater for both Support Givers and Support Takers. Below are the specific requirements for the project: - **Platform**: The website should be built in PHP - **Display for Support Giver and Taker**: I need the website to display "Company/Organization name" for both Support Givers and Takers. - **Filtering**: The list of Support Givers and Takers should be filtered by "technology expertise". Ideal skills and experience for this job include: - PHP development - Website design and development - UI/UX design for a user-friendly support exchange interface - Experience in building and handling similar platforms. Please provide examples of...

More details: What is the purpose of the feasibility study? To evaluate the economic viability of the proposed system as defined in the study objectives. Write-up of concept to be provided upon execution of NDA. To assess the environmental impact of using biogas instead of natural gas for greenhouses What is the primary source of food waste that will be used in the anaerobic digester? Produce markets and restaurants waste from urban centers What is the expected output from the anaerobic digester? Sustainable renewable Biogas

I'm in need of a native English copy editor to refine the clarity and flow of my health and medical documents. The main goal of this project is to ensure that the content is easy to read and understand, so that the documents can be fully engaging and effective. Key Responsibilities: - Perform copy editing on health and medical documents - Enhance clarity and flow while maintaining the original meaning - Ensure all grammar and punctuation are correct Ideal Skills and Experience: - Native English speaker - Proven experience in copy editing - Strong understanding of health and medical terminology - Excellent grammar and punctuation skills - Able to improve clarity and flow without altering the meaning of the content Looking for a professional who can effectively enhance the qua...

...for an expert in Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) to help me with an image classification project. Requirements: - My dataset consists of around 200 images for classification. - The primary source of the images is yet to be determined. - You should be able to understand the task of image classification and implement a solution using ML/DL techniques. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in image classification projects using ML/DL. - Ability to work with a smaller dataset and optimize model performance. - Proficiency in popular ML/DL libraries and frameworks like TensorFlow, Keras, scikit-learn, etc. - Strong understanding of neural networks and their applications in image classification. - Excellent communication skills and ability to expla...

Italian Recording Project We have a project, that needs Native Italian speakers, we will give you the text, and you need to record 89 short sentences. you just need to download our software, to read our text and record it, it's a very easy job. 1. You will need to record in a quiet place without loud background noise. and without an echo. 2. Each person Price is 5$ for 89 short sentences record. 4. The project will take about 10-15 mins only. Note : We need only Male speakers for this project. If you are interested please let me know sure. I will contact u. A Good Opportunity For New Freelancers For taking 5 Star Review after their completion of the project. Thanks :

German Recording project We have a project, that needs Native German speakers, we will give you the text, and you need to record 89 short sentences. you just need to download our software, to read our text and record it, it's a very easy job. 1. You will need to record in a quiet place without loud background noise. and without an echo. 2. Each person Price is 7$ for 89 short sentences record. 4. The project will take about 10-15 mins only. If you are interested please let me know sure. I will contact u. A Good Opportunity For New Freelancers For taking 5 Star Review after their completion of the project. Thanks :

I'm looking for a skilled WordPress Full Stack Developer to enhance my website with new functionalities. Serious Candidate Only. The budget is Fixed for now but can be increased on your performance. I will give you a test task. If you can perform that you will get hired. Please Read this document carefully- Key Responsibilities: - Implement E-commerce Capabilities: I need a professional who can integrate a product catalog and manage inventory. - Membership/Subscription System: The developer should create a robust system for memberships and subscriptions on the site. - Payment Gateway Integration: An experienced developer who can integrate a secure and reliable payment gateway is required.