Market research printingроботи

...сбыте качественного Б/У товара. Фактически аналог того, что нам требуется - приложение Rozetka. Мы готовы запускать пилотный проект на рынке Украины, а дальше покорять Европу и Америку! И имеем для этого необходимые ресурсы, знания. Нам нужны именно вы, если: - Уже работали с мобильными приложения (есть кейсы) - Имеете представление как дойти от стартовой точки до загрузки в App Store / Play Market - Готовы вести проект на постоянном начале - Имеете достаточное количество сотрудников для реализации всего в необходимые сроки. Варианты оплаты, суммы, и конкретное ТЗ обсуждаются в ходе живого собеседования! Для связи отписывайтесь сразу в ТGшку - @iniesta2407

3 creatives of 1080x1080 size for advertising on Facebook for a business that writes essays to students and takes their exams. Creatives are focused on the Western market, so they must be in English, engage the audience from the first seconds and be dynamic. Length 15 seconds. Please, do not place the bid of more than $30 per video, therefore, $90 for the project is the price I am ready to pay.

Hi, I need php script for Convert large svg (drawing) file to pdf-file For printing on A4 pages and a Tile sheet of paper with repeated pages. php script must split my svg (drawing) to A4 pages and give me printable pdf file You can use my svg file here and will see the result I need the same. You have a remember about the scale, if you have a ruler you can look at squares, each square must be 10x10mm, in the example, you can find nine pages. For testing, I attached svg file and result in PDF file.

Асистент/партнер для фінансових досліджень. Пробували коли-небудь розробити найкращу стратегію? Якщо принаймні уявно так, тоді можете ставити на цей проект. Також, чи не схоже що форекс і ставки на спорт одне й те ж? Це також може бути предметом дослідження. Looking for some assistent/partner in financial research. Do you tried to make best strategy? If even in mind yes, then you can bid on this project. Also, do you don't see forex and booking is the same? It's also may be subject of research.

Науково-дослідний проект в галузі неруйнівного контролю. ____________________________________________________________ Scientific research project in the field of non-destructive testing.

I'm looking for a freelancer located in London who can purchase a specific One Piece OP-5 booster box from Camden Market in Bandai Namco Cross Store Camden and ship it to my UK address. Tasks include: - Purchase a brand new One Piece OP-5 booster box from a Bandai Namco Cross Store Camden at Camden Market - Carefully package the item to prevent any damage in transit (bubble wrap, foam, etc.) - Send the package to my specified UK address Ideal candidate: - Should be located in London, or willing to travel there - Familiarity with card games, specifically One Piece OP-5, will be beneficial - Must have the ability to package the item appropriately for safe shipping - Experience or access to cost-effective and reliable shipping services. - Ask the store if you can buy th...

I'm in urgent need of a skilled research writer well-versed in technology, health, and history topics. Your task is to provide a 1000-word research piece on the topic of "Research Methods." Key tasks: - Conduct surveys relevant to the subject - Conduct a comprehensive literature review - Deliver the final piece ASAP Ideal skills: - A strong understanding of research methods and technologies - Proven ability in conducting surveys and literature reviews - Time management and the ability to deliver the project immediately - Proficiency in English and academic writing standards. This task requires an immediate start so please only bid if you're ready to get to work straight away.

I'm looking for a skilled graphic designer to create packaging for my product. This packaging will be used to not only protect the product but also as a marketing tool. Key Points: - The design should be visually appealing and capable of attracting customers. - It should also convey the essence and uniqueness of the...a marketing tool. Key Points: - The design should be visually appealing and capable of attracting customers. - It should also convey the essence and uniqueness of the product effectively. - Experience in product packaging design is highly preferred. If you are a talented graphic designer with a strong portfolio in product packaging, I'd love to hear from you. Your understanding of the target market and ability to create eye-catching designs will be cruci...

Overview: We are looking for a skilled professional to document the creation of an outdoor paintball arena. The project requires 100 high-quality photos showcasing various obstacles and elements that should be incorporated into the paintball arena. We are seeking unique elements and a creative approach to designing the arena to make it stand out. Additionally, a brief documentation on how these elements should be arranged on the terrain is high-resolution photos of different obstacles and elements suitable for a paintball and creative elements to make the arena visually appealing and documentation on the arrangement of elements on the terrain for optimal requirements for storage, changing rooms, and any other necessary facilities for an outstanding paintball high-quality photos showca...

I'm in need of an experienced freelancer to help me find and purchase semiconductors from my preferred supplier. - **Scope**: The task involves global sourcing, meaning the freelancer should be well-versed in navigating a wide range of international electronics markets. - **Skills**: Expertise in electronics components, knowledge of the semiconductor market, and experience in global procurement are crucial. - **Ideal Candidate**: I need someone who has prior experience in sourcing electronics components and has an established network with distributors and manufacturers across the globe. Please get in touch if this project aligns with your skill set.

I've got a Shopify store that needs an SEO upgrade. I'm looking for a competent freelancer to handle: - Keyword Research: I need my products to rank competitively in search results. Your task will involve identifying high-ranking keywords that fit my store's niche. - On-Page Optimization: This includes meta descriptions, title tags, image optimization and other on-page elements to boost the store's SEO. - Link Building: Build quality backlinks that will drive traffic to my store. It's necessary to have familiarity with Shopify SEO; I believe it is key to implement this task effectively. Please ensure to include details of your past work in this realm in your application. Let's optimize this Shopify store together!

...to help me convert my marketing material from French to Arabic. Key Requirements: - Translate French to Arabic: Your main task will be translating marketing content from French to Arabic. Fluency in both languages is essential. - Marketing Experience: A background in marketing translation is preferred. You should understand how to adapt the tone and style of the content to the Arabic-speaking market. - Cultural Sensitivity: Understanding of both French and Arabic-speaking cultures will be an advantage. The translated content should resonate with local audiences. - Attention to Detail: As this translation is for marketing purposes, attention to detail, and the ability to maintain the essence of the original message is crucial. Please let me know your relevant experience in mark...

I need a talented writer who can help me create a video review on a specific Native American studies topic. This is an urgent task, and I need someone who can start immediately and deliver the assignment in a very short time. Key Requirements: - Ex...accessible format that is suitable for a video review. - Efficient and fast: This is an urgent task, so the ideal candidate should be able to start right away and complete the assignment within a very short timeframe. Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in writing on Native American studies or related fields. - Familiarity with creating video reviews or similar styles of content. - Strong research skills to ensure the content is accurate and well-informed. - Ability to work efficiently and deliver high-quality work under tight ...

I'm in the market for a skilled software engineer with experience in Python, who can also handle machine learning tasks. Your primary focus will be on predictive analytics. Key Responsibilities: - Proficiency in Python is a must. - Strong understanding and experience in the machine learning field. - Ability to design and implement predictive models. Ideal Skills: - Proven experience in Python development. - Understanding of machine learning concepts and techniques. - Experience in creating predictive models. Please provide your portfolio or relevant experience in the field when submitting your bid.

I'm currently working on a submission for an SBIR Grant, and my focus is exclusively on the fascinating subject of personal beliefs, specifically with a keen interest in decision-making. My research aims to uncover how cognitive biases influence decision-making. To achieve this goal, I am looking for a freelancer who has extensive knowledge of cognitive psychology, experience in behavioral studies, particularly decision-making, and insight into cognitive biases and their role in decision-making. Your task would involve helping me with my research on the topic by providing relevant studies and potentially contributing ideas. I believe that together, we can delve into the depths of human cognition.

I'm in need of a talented designer who can create a colorful and engaging packaging design for my new line of pet supplements. Key Requirements: - You should have experience...intended for pets. - It's important that the design is attractive to pet owners, as they will be the ones making the purchasing decision. Skills & Experience: - Proven experience in product packaging design, specifically for pet care products, is critical. - A strong portfolio demonstrating colorful and engaging designs that have been successful in the marketplace. - Understanding of the pet care market and the ability to design packaging that will appeal to pet owners. If you have experience in the pet care industry and a knack for creating vibrant packaging that stands out on the shelf, I&...

Hello Architectures This project includes...architecture is also kept very simple with tilted roofs and scandinavian forms. There are 7 small scale buildings in total. Location is in Estonian untouched nature, near lakes and rivers. Previous experience with rendering thatched surfaces is important. Same goes to rendering boats and water. Good eye for landscape architecture is a bonus. Renders have to be very good quality, also suitable for printing, very lifelike. Right now i am getting dozen of project my employee can't handle them all we are seeking for the freelance who can work with my team. 1. showcase your skill on our requirement. 2. small interview with manager Only bit on this project if you can showcase your skill on our requirement. Please don't waste time ...

...file showcasing the logo in different formats (color, black and white, with tagline, without tagline) - A brief style guide including details on typography, color palette, and suggested uses of the logo. **Intended Uses:** The logo should be adaptable for use in: - Vehicle decals - Printed brochures and materials - Stickers and labels - Website and social media **Inspiration and References:** Research other taxi company logos and companies that emphasize sustainability. Attaching images or descriptions of what is deemed appropriate or inappropriate can guide the design process. Español **Descripción del Proyecto:** Se solicita el diseño de un logotipo para "Eco Taxi", una empresa de taxi que enfatiza tanto en la economía como en la ecolog&...

I'm looking to create a 3D rendering of a basement bachelor style apartment, primarily for the purpose of marketing in the booming real estate sector. I h...attract the modern-day buyer. Finishes will be... - white walls and ceiling with pot lights - light grey vinyl flooring with wood pattern - dark hardware (door knobs) with all white cabinetry in kitchenette - stainless steel fridge Ideal candidates for this project would have prior experience in creating 3D renderings, with an eye for minimalist design and a solid understanding of the real estate market. Proficiency in utilizing top-tier 3D rendering tools is key, as well as the ability to effectively highlight the requested areas of the basement bachelor style apartment. PLEASE SEE IMAGES ATTACHED FOR LAYOUT & APPRO...

...Android, iOS, and others. • Enabling Access to GPTs via Email, Mobile, WhatsApp, etc. (SSP Verified Numbers via APIs). • Data Security: Bidders must ensure the utmost care of the data security of website users and other stakeholders. All personal data of our stakeholders shall be available to the respective users only. • The bidder is required to use different Generative AI Models available in the market. The bidder may need to upgrade existing APIs and generative models and integrate new models. • Bidder may be asked to negotiate the cost with Cloud Infra, a generative AI Service Provider, on direct Billing by us on Pay by Invoice. Collaboration We seek a skilled developer with experience in AI and machine learning to collaborate with us on this groundb...

...project aims to document some aspects of fluid dynamics in a comprehensive, but succinct manner. Below is a breakdown of what I expect: - Mastery of fluid dynamics: Although no specific areas were stipulated, an understanding and ability to explain core concepts in fluid dynamics is crucial. Experts in Computational fluid dynamics, Magnetohydrodynamics, or Hydrostatics are welcome. - Strong research and analytical skills: Even though the main purpose is documentation, you might need to sift through existing literature or studies to provide an accurate write-up. - Clear and Concise Writing: Given the short expected length of the report, it's critical for the freelancer to possess proven abilities to convey complex concepts clearly and concisely. Thank you for considering...

...new people who have scheduled online telling them thank you and confirming some additional details and entering it into the system (3) Monitoring the live chat feature of multiple websites (4) Emailing/texting customers to remind them about upcoming appointments or working cold leads [during phone downtime] (5) Sending thank you notes and notes to neighbors (6) Working on other administrative or research tasks as assigned...

I have a list of contacts in an excel file, and I need someone to find their email addresses. - The main task will be to locate and verify the email addresses of these contacts. It is crucial that the emails provided are accurate. - The purpose of this exercise is for personalized outreach to these individuals and not for mass email marketing or research purposes. The ideal freelancer for this job is someone with excellent research skills, an ability to meticulously verify information, and experience in email marketing or personalized outreach. A high level of proficiency with Excel is also required. Files: There are lots of entries that need to be completed. you will need to add the email address of

I'm seeking a qualified facilitator for a strategic planning session with a singular objective: to develop tangible, action-ready strategies that primarily aim to enhance our customer experien...cultures is crucial as the strategies will heavily focus on this aspect. - Proficient in identifying interventions for upping our overall membership engagement, which is currently lagging, would be notably beneficial. Inviting those passionate about improving service delivery time, product quality, and staff interactions to bid. Your innovation and wisdom will help us thrive in this competitive market. I have included the previous strategic plan (done in 2016) for your review. We are looking for four virtual sessions, two hours each for this activity. Please let me know how much ...

As I mentioned in the Title. I need someone who can do the research for me to get some Important (and high quality) API‘s for me and my future Projects.

I need a PowerPoint presentation that encapsulates my scientific research talk on 'Threat Modeling for Mobile Health Systems'. This presentation should be a concise 15 slides with an emphasis on a design that's not just appealing, but professional and fitting to the subject matter. The color scheme I'm looking for should be aligned with computer science aesthetics. Key elements of this project: - Translate my detailed research talk into a 15-slide PowerPoint presentation - Design the slides in a manner that's professional and visually appealing - Utilize a color scheme that fits the subject matter and is aligned with computer science aesthetics The ideal freelancer for this job would: - Have experience in designing professional and engaging PowerPoi...

...Puerto Rican publications and not interested in coverage from non-Puerto Rican news sources. Key Responsibilities: - Undertake a detailed search for articles in newspaper archives, online databases, or microfilm concerning the tragic death of Francis Reyes. **The ideal candidate will possess:** - Fluency in both Spanish and English, with strong translation skills. - A proven track record in research and article sourcing. - Experience in accessing archived articles from Puerto Rican newspapers. Your expertise and dedication to this project will be highly valued....

...development of documents that will be used in the market research and competitor analysis processes. This includes everything from preparing spreadsheets to developing presentations. - Market Research: The assistant will need to conduct thorough market research to help us understand the competitive landscape. This will involve looking into trends, customer needs, and industry developments. - Competitor Analysis: Equally important is the need for the assistant to conduct competitor analysis. This will involve gathering data about our competitors, analyzing their strengths and weaknesses, and suggesting areas where we can gain a competitive edge. The final deliverable should be a detailed report, which pulls together the findings of the mark...

In this project, I'm s...Project stakeholders and their roles - Project budget and resources - Project challenges and lessons learned Subsequently, a 5,000-word research is required on the challenges faced by project management in Nigeria's security sector, predominantly in remote regions. The report should lean heavily into: - Infrastructural challenges - Logistical difficulties - Communication issues The ideal freelancer will have an extensive understanding of project management, particularly within the context of the Nigerian national development landscape. Experience or understanding of the country's security sector would be a distinct advantage. Excellent research and writing skills are essential, along with a knack for structured and cogent pres...

I'm currently in need of a focused and knowledgeable researcher experienced in health research analysis pertaining to public health, specifically targeting adult population group. The role will include: - Profound analysis of health policies - Research to streamline methods of disease prevention - Deliver comprehensive research into adult public health initiatives The ideal candidate has a strong background in public health research, with a specialty in health policy analysis. Familiarity with or expertise in adult health initiatives is a significant plus. It is integral that you have excellent analytical skills and can deliver insightful findings.

I'm in need of a Texas-...of Texas, split like the Texas flag, and include a few words which will be given later (Name, Dates, location and job title Key Requirements: - Design based on the shape of Texas, split resembling the Texas flag - Incorporation of a few words - Suitable for 3D printing Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficiency in 3D modeling and printing - Creativity in design, particularly in Texas-themed elements - Attention to detail in incorporating the Texas flag into the design - Understanding of how to create designs suitable for 3D printing - Ability to include a few short words in the design without compromising its aesthetic appeal (as for mentioned) Please provide examples of similar projects you've completed, particularly those that d...

I'm looking for a Google Forms expert to help me create a series of quizzes on Google Forms. Here are some key points: - Purpose: The primary purpose of this project is to insert a conditional logic into google forms. My academic research consists of 2 questionnaires. The respondent will go through the first set of questions and if they don't "qualify" (minimum of points), there is no need to keep on answering the 2nd set of questions. - Automated Grading: I need these quizzes to auto-grade responses. This is a crucial feature for the project. - Question Volume: The quizzes are extensive, consisting of more than 20 questions each. Ideal applicant for this project should have: - Proven experience in designing and creating quizzes on Google Forms. - Understandi...

I'm in need of a skilled content writer to create educational materials for high school and college level students. These materials will particularly focus on Calculus, Chemistry, and Physics. The materials should be easy t...Ensuring that the complexity of the content is suitable for the introduction and basics levels - Creating content that is clear, concise, and engaging Ideal Candidate: - Previous experience in creating educational materials, especially in STEM fields - Strong understanding of Calculus, Chemistry, and Physics - Ability to simplify complex concepts for students at an introductory level - Strong research skills - Excellent writing and communication skills - Prior experience working with high school or college students is a plus. Work is WORK FOR HIRE per U...

I'm searching for a skilled professional who can help digitize a low resolution image for large-scale A2 printing (420mm x 594mm at 300 DPI). Working with low resolution digital files, you should be proficient in using digital design tools and have a keen eye for quality and detail. Skills and Experience: - Graphic Design - Print Design - Digital Artistry - Experience working with low-resolution image files - Proficient in Adobe Photoshop or similar programs Your role will predominantly be to uphold the integrity and quality of the image during the digitization process. The end product needs to be suitable for large-scale A2 printing. Successful experience in similar projects will be highly valued. LOOKING FOR AI FILE

...Skills: 1) Strong Research Capability: Ability to synthesize scientific research and health data into compelling, easy-to-understand content 2) Experience in Health and Wellness Writing: Proven track record of writing in the health, wellness, or self-help niches 3) Engaging Storyteller: Skill in weaving anecdotes and personal stories with factual information to keep the reader motivated and engaged 4) Sensitivity to Tone: Capacity to maintain a supportive and positive tone that encourages lifestyle changes without judgment 5) Proficiency in English: Must have excellent command of the English language, with the ability to write clear, concise, and grammatically correct content. Additional Considerations: 1) Experience with or knowledge of the Blue Zones and longevity...

Будь ласка, зареєструйтесь або увійдіть в систему для перегляду деталей.

...project is to drive more traffic to my website using Google Search Ads. I am specifically targeting local clients, so the freelancer who undertakes this project should have appropriate knowledge and experience in delivering well-tailored Search Ads campaigns for a local audience. Key requirements include: - Proven experience in creating successful Google Search Ads - Ability to carry out market research to understand local audiences - Demonstrated success in driving increased website traffic using search ads I'm primarily looking to onboard someone who can strategize effectively, make data-informed decisions on my behalf, and ultimately increase web traffic from local clients. Your ability to analyze campaign performance and make necessary adjustments to optimize r...

I need a professional who can scrape and compile email lists of high...email lists of high net worth individuals with a particular income level and investment interests. The emails will be used to target our automated trading software offer. Key Requirements: - Income Level Criteria: The emails should target individuals with an income level within the range of $250,000 - $500,000. - Investment Interests: The targeted individuals should have an interest in the stock market, Futures trading, options trading, cryptocurrency, and real estate. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficiency in data scraping and email list compilation. - Familiarity with targeting high net worth individuals and their investment interests. - Previous experience in compiling email lists for targeted marketing ...

I'm looking for a detail-oriented professional to help me create a comprehensive menu for my new med spa. The ideal candidate...treatments, Lasers, Injectables - Incorporating specific types of facials: Hydrating, Anti-aging, and Acne treatment - Designing and explaining specific types of body treatments: Cellulite treatments The project involves understanding my med spa's target market and ensuring the menu is attractive and informative for potential clients. Ideal skills and experience for this job include: - Previous experience in med spa menu creation - Knowledge of the med spa industry - Strong communication and design skills - Understanding of the target market and ability to tailor services accordingly Please include examples of your previous work in simi...

Seeking an experienced video creator and editor for my YouTube channel specializing in real estate information. The focus of the videos will be on: - Buying tips - Selling tips - Market trends Essentially, the freelancer will be creating instructional content filled with actionable insights that viewers can readily apply. Each video should be 5 minutes to 10 minutes long, concise and engaging. Ideal candidates will possess: - In-depth knowledge of real estate industry trends - Proven experience in creating and editing short, informative videos - Strong understanding of YouTube content creation and audience engagement - Ability to convert complex information into digestible content. If you can take on this challenge, please place your bid.

I'm looking for a skilled developer(s) who can design/code a page or two and write me an utility for finding a portfolio market price using III party API. I have a stock and or stock option expiring lets say in June 2024 (Call or Put). We will convert data to voice file. Your finance/investment background is most important so don't apply/bid without reading or knowing//. I will be forced to delete all bids coming in next 30 mins.

Storecheckers are a Global Market Research and Mystery Shopping company. We undertake worldwide mystery shopping visits and audits. This assignment is an audit of an Examination Centre, checking that the security standards are being met. You MUST HAVE fluent English skills, and you must be able to communicate in a professional manner and be smart and well-presented, as you will be representing us during the audit. As an auditor, you will arrive at the test center an hour before the start of the exam, give your ID, show a letter of authorization, which we will provide for you beforehand, and tell them what you are there to do. You will then sit with the TCA or the manager and ask a series of questions, and ask to see various things. The audit itself is very simple and easy,...

Storecheckers are a Global Market Research and Mystery Shopping company. We undertake worldwide mystery shopping visits and audits. This assignment is an audit of an Examination Centre, checking that the security standards are being met. You MUST HAVE fluent English skills, and you must be able to communicate in a professional manner and be smart and well-presented, as you will be representing us during the audit. As an auditor, you will arrive at the test center an hour before the start of the exam, give your ID, show a letter of authorization, which we will provide for you beforehand, and tell them what you are there to do. You will then sit with the TCA or the manager and ask a series of questions, and ask to see various things. The audit itself is very simple and easy,...

I need a detailed research on the Indian telecom industry with a focus on Airtel and Vodafone for a comparative financial analysis. I have added what should the project includes. 30% plagiarism allowed Pages approx 44-50 All data to be included

I'm looking for a skilled social media marketer to create and manage my Snapchat ads campaign. My primary goal is to generate leads, which can be nurtured into customers. Key Responsibilities: - Designing and setting up engaging ads that encourage potential customers to take action - Implementing targeted advertising ...advertising and lead generation - Expertise in digital marketing, particularly within the social media space - Strong analytical abilities to assess campaign performance and make data-driven decisions - Excellent communication skills to tailor ad content effectively for different audiences and geo-locations Note: As the user skipped the target audience question, you may need to conduct further research or suggest potential target segments based on the nature ...

I'm in need of a meticulous proofreader and editor for my lengthy research paper, which exceeds 7000 words. Key Responsibilities: - Correcting grammar and spelling mistakes - Ensuring the paper is coherent and easy to read - Editing the content to make it more coherent

I am in need of someone skilled in survey designs to create four separate variations of an existing survey. - The base survey: You'll be working from an already designed survey, Version A. - Required forma...needs to have different instructions. The ideal freelancer should have proficiency in designing online surveys and an understanding of survey methodology. Your task will be to create unique and clear instructions for each survey version while keeping the questions identical. It is crucial to ensure data is kept separate for each version for individual analysis. Any experience in social or market research or a similar field will be a great advantage. This assignment requires a keen attention to detail and a high level of accuracy. Are you up for the tas...

I'm on the hunt for a fully seasoned full-stack developer comfortable with , Vue3, Vercel, EC2, DynamoDB, and S3. The primary obligations of this role will focus on: 1. Functionality Deliverables: The application must feature smooth user authentication and authorization. Offering secure payment processing is a top requirement. 2. Market Focus: The application is catered towards retail customers. Therefore, a developer well-versed in building user-friendly, intuitive platforms would have a head start. 3. User Data Security: A basic level of security is key, as our platform will handle personal details—names and contact information. The ideal candidate should be comfortable working on a retail-customer focused app and have a proven portfolio displaying their proficiency ...

...cross-platform mobile app that enhances the shared transportation experience in a specific country. The app should provide an intuitive and user-friendly experience for riders to discover available shared taxi routes, request on-demand pickups (for eligible members/routes), track driver locations in real-time, and facilitate secure payments within the app Key Components: UX/UI Design Conduct user research and create persona profiles Design intuitive user flows and navigation Develop high-fidelity mockups and prototypes Ensure a consistent, modern, and locally-relevant visual identity Focus on accessibility and inclusive design practices App Development User Registration and Profiles (Riders and Drivers) Real-time Mapping and Location Tracking (GPS integration) Browse Available ...

...my project is to conduct an in-depth analysis of the correlation between financial investment decisions and education among college students. I am particularly interested in exploring the extent that financial literacy training impacts investment practices. For this project, I require candidates with: - A solid background in Social Sciences research, particularly in the field of Education. - Experience in conducting demographic-specific research studies, especially focused on college students. - Understanding of the financial investment behavior or habits of young adults is advantageous. - Excellent data analysis skills, capable of interpreting complex data sets and drawing logical conclusions. I anticipate the task will necessitate a review of existing literature ...